Names, terms and dates list.
Cosmopolitan
first magazine founded in 1886
John Brisben Walker 1889
turn cosmopolitan to a magazine of literature and insightful reporting
William Randolph Hearst
turn cosmopolitan into a muckraking magazine 1905
National Enquirer 1926
Helen Gurley Brown 1962
magazine revolution targeted at cosmo girls
“Cosmo Girl”
woman age 18-34, sex, love, fashion, careers
Review - 1704
first political magazine
Magazine definition
collection of articles, stories and advertisements appearing in non daily periodicals that are published in smaller tabloid style rather than broadsheet newspaper style
Colonial Magazines 1741
Andrew Bradford, Ben Franklin
unsuccessful, reprint from local newspapers
Charles Alexander and Samuel Coate Atkinson
Saturday Evening Post 1821
national magazine
longest running in history
appeal to woman
Sarah Josepha Hale 1828
Ladies Magazine
1850s- Illustrations start
1890s- Tech for photos in magazines
Postal Act of 1879
signed magazines lower postage rates and put them on equal footing with newspaper, delivering by mail and reducing distribution costs
1800’s magazines started becoming more popular
1900’s magazines became part of working class and national.
Cyrus Curtis
Ladies Home Journal,
first magazine to reach 1000 circulation
bought the Post
Yellow Journalism
crusading for social reform on behalf of the public good
muckrakers
investigative reporters
General interest magazines
offered occasional muckraking but covered a variety of topics, using photojournalism
Photojournalism
use of photo to document the rhythms of daily life.
Dewitt and Lila Wallace
Readers Digest 1922
HENRY LUCE
Time Magazine 1923, Life Magazine 1936, Sports Illustrated 1954
Jann Wenner
Rolling Stone 1967
pass along readership
the total amount of people who came in contact with the magazine.
Alexander Graham Bell
National Geographic 1888
helped pioneering colored printing
Photoshop
downfall of photojournalism because readers don’t the truth behind the picts.
Hugh Hefner
Playboy
John H. Johnson
1925 Negro Digest, Ebony, Essence, Jet
1980s
Peak of magazine industry
Conde Nast
Vanity Fair, GQ, Vogue
TV guide
1953, together with the rise of television, extremely high circulation
Webzines
Salon, state content appear exclusively online
Specialization
divided by advertizers type, 1950’s
1980’s popular magazines were translated to spanish
desktop publishing
a small magazine can be started via computer.
doesn’t apply to big companies
Regional editions
focus: interests of different geographic areas
Split-run editions
editorial content stays the same, but magazine include a few pages of ads from local or regional companies
Demographic Editions
targeted at a particular group of consumers
evergreen subscriptions
automatically renew on a credit card unless requested to stop
Time warner
owns soooo many famous magazine/tv/movie/internet
zines
self published magazines
Starting to organize:
Magazine enthusiasts trade publications at a Printout event in London. Photograph: Antonio Zazueta Olmos
(The Guardian)
A group of 100 people meet once every two months in a London bar for the Printout event. These are people with a passion for the printed magazine, and love to collect them and want to keep the print magazines alive. According to the Guardian magazine, "mainstream magazines might be struggling to survive against digital media, but their independent counterparts are thriving". Indie magazines, the smaller, independent magazines, are doing much better and are more celebrated by the Printout event participants.
(forbes.com)
"Crowdfunding campaigns are everywhere these days, some successful while others aren't so lucky. There are countless campaigns to bring cancelled television shows back from the dead. Magazines have turned to crowdfunding as a new revenue stream to fund the costs of publishing each issue." - Jillean Kearny
Jillean works in marketing at Agility Inc. She scours the internet to source content for the inspiration section and produces all of the video content for Unbound Media. Jillean graduated from Ryerson University's Journalism program.
(Agility CMS)
Examples
http://blog.agilitycms.com/top-5-magazine-crowdfunding-campaigns
Magazine Sales and how they impact Circulation
How Magazines Target You-Today
Daniel Defoe, an English journalist, poet, novelist, spy and merchant. He was bankrupt four times, placed in the pillory for sedition, and created one of the earliest forms of political and popular belief magazines. Throughout his career he focused attention on trade, the expanding empire, foreign relations, religious toleration and economic development, among many other things. However, his magazine the review is significant because of the creation of new British territory and the development of mercantile interests and policies that accompanied this growth provide the international topics that make up the content of the Review.Defoe’s Review, published fifteen years after the 15th Century, it was not the first English periodical, but it was the first to engage a particular political topic: the relationship between England and France. He was the first to introduce the idea of political economy. An inevitable product of examining international and domestic politics is writing on political economy, a topic whose origins mark the transition from mercantilism and monarchy to constitutional monarchy and capitalism.Daniel Defoe began writing his Review (1704-1713) only three years prior to the Act of Union in 1707, which joined the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England. The first Act of Union, passed in 1535-42, had annexed Wales to England, so by the time Defoe began writing theReview, the boundaries of British domain were in the process of further expanding. The rise of political parties and conflited political viewpoints added fuel to Defoe's fire and brought about ideas such as international trade, national wealth, and early forms of credit.
(Danieldefoeblog.com)
The first really successful magazine in the United States was the Saturday Evening Post, first published in 1821.
But in 1825 there were only fewer than 100 magazines in the country. By 1850, the number grown to 600, and magazines finally became well recognized and established as a mass medium. At that time, due to freedom of press, many magazines also took a "viewpoint" on specific issues; for example, during the Civil War, which was primarily fought over the issue of slavery, northern magazines often espoused antislavery views, and southern magazines typically publicized pro-slavery articles and journals. Thus, magazines served to strengthen the opposing views and reinforce divisions of thought, which in large measure fueled the war.(2)
In 1879 mail was reorganized, so that magazines now enjoyed the same low postage cost as newspapers. With improved techniques in paper manufacturing and printing machinery, including color printing beginning in the 1860s, lowered production costs. For example, the Saturday Evening Post sold for five-cents a copy. Also, the increase in literacy with development of schools made even more people literate, making magazines even more popular. As a result, the number of magazines boomed, and the highest magazine circulations climbed from 40,000 before the Civil War to 100,000 by the end of the century.(1)(2)
"Magazine Publishing History." AAMP. AAMP | The Association of Audience Marketing Professionals, n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. <http://audiencemarketing.org/magazine-publishing-history.asp> (1)
"Magazines." Mass Media Course: Magazines, the Early History. Cyber College, 7 May 2013. Web. 23 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.cybercollege.com/frtv/mag1.htm>(2)
By the mid-1850s, drawings, woodcuts, and other forms of illustration began to fill the pages of magazines.